In addition to our Invasive Plant Profile for Knotweed - here is a list of resources related to invasive knotweed, its management, and other information that may be helpful for land managers, practitioners, or property owners.

This page will continue to be updated as more resources are found, and as our website gets re-organized.

1) Guides and Identification Keys

• Key to Identification of Invasive Knotweeds in British Columbia

2) Best Management Practices and Code of Practices

• Best Management Practices for Knotweed Species - Metro Vancouver (updated 2024)
• The Knotweed Code of Practice - UK Environment Agency (2013)
• Code of Practice; Managing Japanese Knotweed - UK Invasive Non-Native Specialists Association (2017)

3) Treatment Options

• Herbicide Guidelines for Control of Knotweed Species on Crown Lands - BC Ministry of Forests, and Ministry of Transportation (2019)
• Knotweed “Bend and Treat” Method Instructions - ISCMV (2020)
• Haida Gwaii Knotweed Herbicide Treatment - Demonstration Project - BC Ministry of Forests (2013)
• Managing Japanese Knotweed and Giant Knotweed on Roadsides - PennState (2005)

4) Excavation and Knotweed-Infested Soil Movement

• Guidelines for the Excavation, Transport & Disposal of Invasive Knotweed Infested Soil - BC Ministry of Forests, BC Ministry of Transportation and Infrastructure (2024)
• Flood Mitigation - Invasive Plant Guidelines (Knotweed included) - BC Ministry of Forests (2024)

5) Research

• Knotweed Impacts - Literature Review - Snohomish County (2022)
• Lavoie, C. The impact of invasive knotweed species (Reynoutria spp.) on the environment: review and research perspectives. Biol Invasions 19, 2319–2337 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-017-1444-y
• Fennell M, Wade M, Bacon KL. Japanese knotweed (Fallopia japonica): an analysis of capacity to cause structural damage (compared to other plants) and typical rhizome extension. PeerJ. 2018 Jul 25;6:e5246. doi: 10.7717/peerj.5246 https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6064201/
• Bailey J. The Japanese knotweed invasion viewed as a vast unintentional hybridisation experiment. Heredity (Edinb). 2013 Feb;110(2):105-10. doi: 10.1038/hdy.2012.98. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3554452/
• Michelot-Antalik, A., et al., Ecological restoration combining mowing and competition limits the development of invasive Reynoutria japonica. Journal of Environmental Management. 366 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121818
• Bashtanova UB, Beckett KP, Flowers TJ. Review: Physiological Approaches to the Improvement of Chemical Control of Japanese Knotweed (Fallopia japonica). Weed Science. 2009;57(6):584-592. https://doi:10.1614/WS-09-069.1
• Hocking, S., Toop, T., Jones, D. et al. Assessing the relative impacts and economic costs of Japanese knotweed management methods. Sci Rep 13, 3872 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-30366-9
• Jones, D., Bruce, G., Fowler, M.S. et al. Optimising physiochemical control of invasive Japanese knotweed. Biol Invasions 20, 2091–2105 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-018-1684-5

6) Other Informational Articles

• The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) world's 100 worst invasive species
• Maclean's - The plant that's eating BC (2015)